MICROBIOLOGY AND CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND ANATOMY OF THE VISUAL SYSTEM

Module MICROBIOLOGIA E MICROBIOLOGIA CLINICA

The student must learn the biological and pathogenic characteristics of microorganisms that play a role in human pathology, with reference to bacteria, viruses and fungi. He must acquire appropriate knowledge on the relationships between microorganisms and host in normal and pathological conditions, identify the transmission pathways, know the characteristics, the activity, the mechanism of action and resistance of the main antimicrobial drugs and vaccines. The student must also know the main methods for the cultivation and identification of microorganisms.

The course also aims to illustrate the various methods of prevention of microbial infections and the main causes of infection related to specific professional activity.

1. Essential characteristics and differences of bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa and other parasites known to infect humans.
2. The pathogenic mechanisms of microorganisms, microorganism-host relationships, basic concepts in the immune response.
3. The ocular microbiota.
4. The various possibilities of infection and spread of infection.
5. The organization of the bacterial cell: structure and function of the cellular components and bacterial metabolism
6. Mechanisms of bacterial pathogenesis: role of bacteria in disease
7. Characteristics of fungi
8. Mechanisms of fungal pathogenesis
9. Characteristics of virus and their replication
10. Mechanisms of viral pathogenesis. Types of viral infection: acute and persistent infection
11. Infection control:
    1. Sterilization, disinfection and antisepsis
    2. The antimicrobial chemotherapy:
       1. Classification and main characteristic of principal groups of antibiotics
       2. Mechanism of action
       3. The antibiotic resistance
       4. Susceptibility testing
    3. Vaccines
12. General principles of laboratory diagnosis of infectious diseases
13. Main microorganisms responsible for ocular infections:
    a) bacteria: Staphylococci, Streptococci, Haemophili, Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseriaceae;
    b) virus: Herpesviridae; Papillomaviridae, Adenoviridae, Enterovirus;
    c) Fungi and Toxoplasma gondii.

1. Harvey R. H., Champe P.C., Fisher B. D., Le basi della Microbiologia, con approfondimenti clinici - Ed. Zanichelli
2. Cevenini R.. Sambri V., Microbiologia e microbiologia clinica, Per i Corsi di Laurea in professioni sanitarie – Ed. Piccin

All students can use didactic material downloadable from the Studium page.